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고분자 & 고무

고분자 및 고무 산업에서 리스트 공정 솔루션은 다양한 응용분야에 적용되는 고분자 및 엘라스토머 생산의 필수 요소입니다. 리스트 니더반응기는 거의 모든 고분자 및 엘라스토머 생산 공정에 사용됩니다. 다른 기존의 공정 장비들은 까다롭고 복잡한 공정 매개변수 및 요구 사항들을 충족시킬수가 없습니다. 하지만 리스트의 니더반응기만이 괴상중합, 중축합, 주요 증발 및 탈휘발화와 같은 공정단계에서 사용되어 새롭고 선구적인 고분자 및 엘라스토머를 개발하고 생산할수 있습니다.


사례

엘라스토머

  • 에틸렌-프로필렌 고무 (EPDM)
  • 폴리부타디엔 고무 (BR) 
  • 부틸(이소부틸렌 이소프렌) 고무 (IIR)
  • 폴리이소프렌 고무 (IR)
  • 솔루션 스티렌-부타디엔 고무 (S-SBR)
  • 폴리올레핀 엘라스토머 (POE)
  • 아크릴로 니트릴-부타디엔 고무 (NBR)

열가소성 엘라스토머

  • 스티렌 블록 공중합체 (SBS, SIS)
  • 실리콘
  • 고흡수성폴리머 (SAP)
  • 폴리메틸메타크릴레이트 (PMMA)
  • 열가소성폴리우레탄 (TPU)

바이오/생분해성 고분자

  • 폴리에스테르, 폴리락트산 (PLA)
  • 폴리아스파르트산 (PASA)
  • 폴리아미드

기타 고분자

  • 아크릴로니트릴 부타디엔 스티렌-공중합체 (ABS-SAN)
  • 폴리에스테르, 폴리에틸렌 테레프탈레이트 (PET)
  • 폴리에스테르, 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트 (PTT)
  • 폴리아크릴아미드 (PAM, 응집제)
  • 폴리우레탄 (PU)
  • 폴리아미드 (나일론, 나일론 6, 나일론 4)
  • 폴리이미드 (PI)
  • 폴리스티렌 (EPS, PS)
  • 특수 및 엔지니어링 폴리머

다운로드

제목설명언어년도다운로드
Direkt in der Polymerlösung entgasen

Der zunehmende Kostendruck macht keinen Halt vor der Produktion von Elastomeren. Gefragt sind intensivierte Prozesse, die unnötige Verfahrensschritte ersparen und sowohl Zeitaufwand wie auch Kosten senken. Nun liefert ein innovativer Ansatz aus der Schweiz, die sogenannte Direct Devolatilization (direkte Entgasung) von Polymerlösungen, vielversprechende Ergebnisse.

English2015
Direct devolatilisation in a closed system

For decades, conventional polymerisation has been the norm in the production of elastomers. The time and cost involved in removing and treating solvents in the final stages of production were acceptable. Yet as pressure builds on manufacturers to reduce operating costs, there is greater urgency to develop processes that can help streamline costs and production techniques. One such effort has yielded extremely promising results.

English2015
Efficient and eco-friendly polymerization of elastomers

For decades, conventional polymerization in the production of elastomers has been the norm. The time and cost involved in removing and treating solvents in the final stages of production, for example, were acceptable. But as pressure builds on manufacturers to reduce operating costs, there is greater urgency to develop processes that can help streamline cost and production. One such effort by List AG has yielded promising results.

English2014
Efficient & Easy Elastomer Processing

Conventional polymerisation in the production of elastomers has been the norm for decades. The time and cost involved in removing and treating solvents in th e final stages of production , for example, were acceptable, but as pressure builds on manufacturers to reduce operating costs, there is greater urgency to develop processes that can help streamline cost and production. One such effort has yielded extremely promising results.

English2013
Modeling and simulatio of poymerization of lactide to polylactic acid and co-polymers of polylactic acid using high viscosity Kneader Reactors

Polymerization of lactide to polylactic acid (PLA) can be performed using conventional reactor technology such as stirred tank reactors, but the conversion and/or final molecular weight may have to be controlled to a lower level. At higher conversion and/or molecular weight, the reaction mass will become very viscous, which limits the ability of conventional reactor technology to provide adequate mixing, minimize mass transfer effects on reaction kinetics, remove exothermic heat of reaction and ensure proper heat transfer in order to eliminate hotspots/thermal degradation.

English2013
Reactor for solvent-free polymer processing

Converting the polymer industry to solvent-free polymerisation processes and avoiding unnecessary recirculation decreases energy consumption and reduces waste production. This can be achieved with the horizontal large-volume Kneader Reactor with superior mixing and homogenisation performance. The casing, shafts and mixing elements are indirectly heated by heat transfer fluids and dynamically self-cleaning.

English2012
Continuous masterbatch process for the cellulose fiber industry

The achievable final volatile content within kneader devolatilization processes is highly dependent on the final melt temperature. For thermosensitive polymers the state of the art process performs poorly. The amount of dissipated energy leads to a heat up of the polymer, limiting the maximal kneader shaft speed and therefore volatile removal rate. This new process uses a suitable additional volatile compound to cool off the dissipated energy by evaporation using the off gas to strip and boost the mass transfer coefficient. A complex multi-parameter study is presented, to predict performance of industrial equipment from pilot scale data.

English2011
New devolatilization process for thermosensitive and highly viscous polymers in high volume Kneader Reactors

The achievable final volatile content within kneader devolatilization processes is highly dependent on the final melt temperature. For thermosensitive polymers the state of the art process performs poorly. The amount of dissipated energy leads to a heat up of the polymer, limiting the maximal kneader shaft speed and therefore volatile removal rate. This new process uses a suitable additional volatile compound to cool off the dissipated energy by evaporation using the off gas to strip and boost the mass transfer coefficient. A complex multi-parameter study is presented, to predict performance of industrial equipment from pilot scale data.

English2011
Apparatelücke geschlossen – Knetreaktor-Technologie vereint die Vorteile von klassischem Extruder und Rührkessel

In der Polymerhers tellung und -verarbeitung werden traditionell kontinuierlich arbeitende Rührkessel, Extruderschnecken und Dünnschichtapparate eingesetzt. Immer öfter kommen jedoch großvolumige, so genannte Knetreaktoren zum Einsatz. Die Bereitschaft zu fundamentalem Umdenken vorausgesetzt, verschaffen sie dem Betreiber Wettbewerbsvorteile.

Deutsch2010
Kneten statt strippen

Der Einsatz von großen Lösemittelmengen in Polymerisationsprozessen mit den damit verbundenen Nachteilen muss nicht sein. Ein optimiertes Verfahren ermöglicht die direkte Entgasung von Lösemitteln, ohne dabei Strippmittel einsetzen zu müssen. Aufwendige Trennschritte werden so vermieden und höhere Produktqualitäten können erreicht werden.

Deutsch2010
Schritt in eine neue Welt

Der Einsatz von großen Lösungsmittelmengen in Polymerisationsprozessen mit den damit verbundenen Nachteilen muss nicht sein. Ein neues Verfahren beschreitet neue Wege: Kneten statt strippen lautet die Devise.

Deutsch2010
Ganz ohne Lösungsmittel – Syntheseverfahren in der konzentrierten Phase

Mit lösemittelfreier Prozessführung, dem sogenannten Dry Processing, lassen sich zwei entscheidende Ziele erreichen: umweltfreundliche Prozesse und eine deutliche Senkung der Investitions- und Betriebskosten. Die Schweizer Firma List konzentriert sich dabei nicht auf einzelne Verfahrensschritte, sondern auf den Prozess als Einheit, um eine ganzheitliche verfahrenstechnische und wirtschaftliche Optimierung zu erreichen.

Deutsch2009
Es geht auch ohne Lösungsmittel

Sie suchen ein lösungsmittelfreies, sicheres, umweltfreundliches und energieeffizientes Herstellungsverfahren, das neue Produkttypen mit neuen Qualitätsmerkmalen hervorbringt? Eine neue Technologie macht’s möglich.

Deutsch2009
Saying goodbye to solvents

Are you looking for a solvent-free, safe, eco-friendly and energy-efficient way of producing new types of products with new levels of quality? New technology is available to help you do exactly that.

English2009
Predition of mass transport of solvent / polymer systems in high volume Kneader Reactors at finite solvent concentrations

Kneader reactors are used for combined unitary processing in the polymer industry for devolatilization, compounding or polymerization. In the past, mass transport prediction for devolatilization operations in kneader reactors did not match experimental results, when diffusion was assumed as sole driving force. It was detected that there is an additional concentration and temperature dependent driving force that triggers enhanced transport at finite solvent concentrations by orders of magnitude. The author suggests that the underlying root cause is likely micro bubble formation within the polymer melt. An attempt to model this additional mass transport mechanism is presented.

English2008
Kneader technology for the direct devolatilitation of temperature sensitive elastomers

Synthetic elastomers have been produced for over 50 years. Advances in catalyst systems and polymer formulations have been somewhat diminished by the continued use of the same processing technology. In particular, the use of coagulation, steam stripping, mechanical dewatering, and convective drying for the devolatilization of temperature sensitive elastomeric solutions can be replaced with direct devolatilization using kneader technology. A two-step, direct devolatilization process has demonstrated energy savings and advantages in environmental emissions and process/product flexibility when compared to the conventional steam stripping process.

English2008
Ohne Wasserdampf zum Kautschuk

Die Synthese von Kautschuk ist ein wichtiger Prozess: Hersteller von Gummiprodukten – ganz gleich ob Autoreifen oder Kondome – benötigen hochwertigen Kautschuk als Ausgangswerkstoff. Doch die Kautschukerzeugung ist teuer und verschlingt große Mengen an Energie. Forschern des Fraunhofer-Instituts für Angewandte Polymerforschung IAP in Potsdam ist es gemeinsam mit ihren Entwicklungspartnern LIST AG und Dow Olefinverbund GmbH gelungen, den Energiebedarf der Kautschuksynthese um 76 Prozent zu senken.

Deutsch2007
Somethin special in separation technology

The synthesis of most elastomers is carried out either by Solution or emulsion polymerization. After the polymcrization step, the polymer is separated from the solvent or emulsifying agents. This separation requires several process steps including coagulation, Stripping, various mechanical separation stages, and finally diying. Beyond that, the existing technologies are energy consuming, waste solvent must be incinerated, and the installation of main and ancillaiy equipment occupies large spaces.

English2007
Prediction of Kneader Reactor Bulk Co-Polymerization Continuous Processes

Batch trials were performed on a kneader reactor where a bulk co-polymerization was carried out. Polymerization conversion, viscosity build, reaction kinetics, and heat transfer calculations were performed using the experimental data from the batch trials. A continuous process was proposed for this bulk copolymerization and the models and results from the batch trials were used in designing the continuous process. Predictions of the continuous process using the batch trial data are compared to the actual continuous process, with a focus on polymer conversion, heat transfer, and torque prediction.

English2007
Eindampfung und Entgasung von Polymerschmelzen

Die bestehenden Technologien für die Aufbereitung von Polymeren nach der Polymerisation können in ein-, zwei- und mehrstufige Verfahren unterteilt werden. Dem entsprechend kommen Stripptechnologien mit nachgeschalteter mechanischer und thermischer Entfernung der Hilfsmittel, Extruder in verschiedenen Bauarten und großvolumige Kneter zum Einsatz. Die Knetertechnologie ist vor allem für temperatur- und scherempfindliche Polymermassen geeignet, bei denen die Entgasung diffusionsbestimmt ist.

Deutsch2006
Kontinuierliche Eindampfung und Entgasung von Polymerschmelzen

Polymerprozesse – Aufbereitung und Finishing von Polymeren – Knetertechnologie in der Polymeraufbereitung – Wirtschaftlichkeit

Deutsch2006
Elastomer efficiency

How direct devolatisation of an elastomer solution can save time and money

English2006
Torque and speed fluctuation on polymer processing large volume kneader

Large volume kneaders are designed to handle highly viscous polymer processing. The unitary operations can be compounding, polymerizations, devolatilization or drying. Depending on the polymer viscosity in the kneader, the interaction of kneading elements induce a torque and force evolution on the shaft over one revolution.

English2006
Computer Berechnung des Scale up für Entgasungsvorgänge in Knetreaktoren

Eine konzentrierte Elastomerlösung (weniger als 20 % Lösungsmittel) wird einem großvolumigen Knetreaktor zugeführt, um das Lösungsmittel bis auf ppmGehalte zu entfernen. Um diesen Entgasungsschritt zu beschreiben, wurde ein Simulationsprogramm entwickelt. Das Programm errechnet den Restlösungsmittelgehalt, den Füllgrad und das Drehmoment des Reaktors. Es kann sowohl der Feineinstellung sowie auch dem Scale-up des Prozesses dienen.

Deutsch2005
Herstellung und Aufarbeitung verschiedener Polymere in grossvolumigen Knetern

Eine Vielzahl der heute im Einsatz befindlichen Polymersynthesen verarbeiten Stoffe und Stoffgemische, die zur besseren Handhabung der Roh-, Zwischen- und Endprodukte sowie zur Verhinderung von Temperaturschädigungen mit großen Mengen organischem Lösungsmittel, in der Regel Aliphaten oder Aromaten, verdünnt werden. Der technische, technologische und ökonomische Aufwand für die nachfolgend notwendige Aufarbeitung, die Entfernung dieses Lösungsmittels oder anderer Stripphilfsmittel, ist dabei sehr hoch. Einen möglichen Lösungsansatz stellt die Nutzung von großvolumigen Knetern für die Polymersynthese und die direkte Eindampfung von Polymerlösungen in einem Hochviskosprozess dar.

Deutsch2005
Leuchtturm in karger Forschungslandschaft

Das Fraunhofer-Pilotanlagenzentrum für Polymersynthese und -verarbeitung

Deutsch2005
Computer scale up model for Desolventizing highly viscous polymers

A concentrated rubber solution (less than 20 % solvent) is fed to a high volume kneader in order to remove the solvent down to ppm level. A simulation program has been developed to describe this devolatilization step. The program predicts final solvent content, the filling level and the mechanical torque build-up. The program can be used to refine process control and the scale-up of this type of process.

English2005
Comparison devolatilization technologies for viscous polymers

Devolatilization of solvents from viscous polymer cement is realized through stripping of solvent with steam in stirred vessels or directly by evaporating the solvent from the polymer. The later so-called direct desolventizing is realized in extruders or high volume kneaders. All 3 methods involve additional energy to drive out solvent either by partial pressure through additional steam (steam stripping), building and releasing pressure in order to explode the polymer bulk (extruder) or dynamic surface renewal (kneader).

English2005
LIST im Demo Zentrum Polymersynthese

Energieeinsparung und Qualitätsverbesserung durch indirekte Eindampfung von Polymerlösungen oder direkte Polymerisation und Polykondensation

Deutsch2004